Sure. This'll take multiple replies. I'll start with the simpler parts. Ashkenazi refers to Jews from Eastern Europe and German-speaking regions, and who tend to make up most of what later became American Jews and Jews from southern Canada. Sephardic refers to Jews from Portugal and Spain, and later Central and South America along with the southwestern US and Mexico. Mizrahi refers to Jews from the Middle East and North Africa, most of whom now live in Israel. Beta Yisrael refers to Ethiopian Jews, most of whom live in Israel. Religious streams: In the US, the four denominations: Orthodox which is most traditional, Conservative which still has some traditional parts but counts as one of the liberal denominations, and then Reform and Reconstructionist, which are the other two liberal denominations. This is liberal in a religious sense, not political sense, although there tends to be a lot of overlap. The concept of denominations hasn't really taken outside the US +